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What does that blue screen code mean?

Type the code (0x0000009F, 9F) or the name (DRIVER_POWER_STATE_FAILURE). All 379 codes in Microsoft's Bug Check Code Reference, each linked to Microsoft's own page (except 0x1D9, HAL_IOMMU_INTERNAL_ERROR, which links to the reference list because Microsoft's own link for it is broken).

The common ones

Code	Name	Usually points to
0x0000000A	IRQL_NOT_LESS_OR_EQUAL	A driver. Windows or a driver touched memory it was not allowed to at that moment. Most often a faulty or outdated driver; sometimes failing memory.
0x00000019	BAD_POOL_HEADER	Memory (RAM). A block of kernel memory was found damaged. Usually a driver writing where it should not; sometimes failing memory.
0x0000001A	MEMORY_MANAGEMENT	Memory (RAM). Windows found a serious memory-management error. Failing RAM is a common cause; a driver is the other.
0x0000001E	KMODE_EXCEPTION_NOT_HANDLED	A driver. A kernel-mode program raised an error nothing handled. Usually a driver.
0x00000024	NTFS_FILE_SYSTEM	The drive or file system. The NTFS file system driver hit a problem. Disk errors or file-system damage are the usual reasons.
0x0000003B	SYSTEM_SERVICE_EXCEPTION	A driver. An error happened while Windows was running a system routine. Drivers and security software are the usual suspects.
0x00000050	PAGE_FAULT_IN_NONPAGED_AREA	Memory (RAM). Windows referred to memory that was not there. Failing RAM, a faulty driver or security software are the usual reasons.
0x0000007A	KERNEL_DATA_INPAGE_ERROR	The drive or file system. Windows could not read data it needed back from the disk. Points at the drive, its cable or connection, or memory.
0x0000007B	INACCESSIBLE_BOOT_DEVICE	The drive or file system. Windows lost access to the drive it starts from. Storage driver, disk mode change in firmware, or a failing drive.
0x0000007E	SYSTEM_THREAD_EXCEPTION_NOT_HANDLED	A driver. A Windows system thread raised an error nothing handled. Usually a driver.
0x0000007F	UNEXPECTED_KERNEL_MODE_TRAP	Hardware. The processor raised a trap the kernel could not handle. Hardware faults (memory, overclocking) or a driver.
0x0000009C	MACHINE_CHECK_EXCEPTION	Hardware. The processor reported a machine check: a hardware error.
0x0000009F	DRIVER_POWER_STATE_FAILURE	Power / sleep. A driver did not finish a power change (sleep, wake, shut down) in time. Often a driver for a USB, network or graphics device.
0x000000BE	ATTEMPTED_WRITE_TO_READONLY_MEMORY	A driver. A driver tried to write to read-only memory.
0x000000C2	BAD_POOL_CALLER	A driver. A driver made a bad memory request.
0x000000D1	DRIVER_IRQL_NOT_LESS_OR_EQUAL	A driver. A driver touched memory it should not at a high priority level. Almost always a driver; the network driver is a frequent one.
0x000000E2	MANUALLY_INITIATED_CRASH	Started on purpose. Someone or a tool started this crash on purpose (for example to collect a memory dump).
0x000000ED	UNMOUNTABLE_BOOT_VOLUME	The drive or file system. Windows could not mount the volume it starts from. Disk or file-system damage.
0x000000EF	CRITICAL_PROCESS_DIED	Windows system files. A process Windows cannot run without stopped. Damaged system files, a failing drive or security software.
0x000000F4	CRITICAL_OBJECT_TERMINATION	The drive or file system. A process or thread Windows needs ended unexpectedly. Often a storage problem.
0x000000FC	ATTEMPTED_EXECUTE_OF_NOEXECUTE_MEMORY	A driver. Code tried to run from memory marked as not runnable. Usually a driver.
0x00000101	CLOCK_WATCHDOG_TIMEOUT	Hardware. A processor stopped answering. Processor, firmware (BIOS/UEFI) or overclocking.
0x00000109	CRITICAL_STRUCTURE_CORRUPTION	Windows system files. Windows found key kernel code or data changed. A driver, or failing memory.
0x00000116	VIDEO_TDR_FAILURE	Graphics. The graphics driver stopped responding and could not be reset.
0x00000117	VIDEO_TDR_TIMEOUT_DETECTED	Graphics. The graphics driver stopped responding (a timeout was detected).
0x00000119	VIDEO_SCHEDULER_INTERNAL_ERROR	Graphics. The graphics scheduler hit a fatal error. Graphics driver.
0x00000124	WHEA_UNCORRECTABLE_ERROR	Hardware. The hardware reported an error it could not correct (processor, memory, bus). Heat, power, overclocking or a failing part.
0x0000012B	FAULTY_HARDWARE_CORRUPTED_PAGE	Memory (RAM). Windows found a memory page damaged by faulty hardware.
0x00000133	DPC_WATCHDOG_VIOLATION	A driver. A driver held a processor too long. Storage and chipset drivers or firmware are frequent causes.
0x00000139	KERNEL_SECURITY_CHECK_FAILURE	Windows system files. Windows found a key data structure corrupted. A driver, or failing memory.
0x0000013A	KERNEL_MODE_HEAP_CORRUPTION	A driver. Kernel-mode memory (the heap) was found corrupted. Usually a driver.
0x00000144	BUGCODE_USB3_DRIVER	A driver. The USB 3 driver hit a fatal error. A USB device, hub or its driver.
0x00000154	UNEXPECTED_STORE_EXCEPTION	The drive or file system. The memory compression store hit an unexpected error. Often storage.
0x000001C8	MANUALLY_INITIATED_POWER_BUTTON_HOLD	Started on purpose. Recorded when the power button was held down to force the computer off.
0xC000021A	WINLOGON_FATAL_ERROR	Windows system files. A key Windows user-mode process (such as Winlogon) failed. Damaged system files or a bad update.